Q&A

Basic concept of forging:

  • Purpose: To change the shape of the metal and enhance its strength and toughness.

  • Principle: By applying plastic deformation, forging breaks internal casting defects, refines the grain structure, and improves the mechanical properties of the material.

Common Aluminum Forging Alloy Types

  1. 2xxx Series: Aluminum-Copper Alloys (Al-Cu)

Representative grades: 2014, 2024

  • High strength
  • Excellent fatigue resistance
  • Good machinability
  • Applications: Aerospace structural components, connecting rods, high-load mechanical parts
  1. 5xxx Series: Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys (Al-Mg)

Representative grades: 5083, 5456

  • Medium to high strength without heat treatment
  • Excellent corrosion resistance
  • Good formability
  • Applications: Marine components, corrosion-resistant industrial parts
  1. 6xxx Series: Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon Alloys (Al-Mg-Si)

Representative grades: 6061, 6082

  • Moderate strength with good forgeability
  • Stable performance after heat treatment (T6)
  • Good weldability
  • Applications: Automotive and motorcycle parts, bicycle components, structural parts
  1. 7xxx Series: Aluminum-Zinc-Magnesium Alloys (Al-Zn-Mg)

Representative grades: 7075, 7050

  • Highest strength among aluminum alloys
  • Can achieve ultra-high strength after heat treatment
  • More difficult to forge but suitable for high-load components
  • Applications: Aerospace, military-grade parts, high-stress connecting rods and joints

  • Aluminum billets
  • Round bars
  • Extruded stock
  • Aluminum slug-----Commonly used for cold forging

  • Required strength, stiffness, and toughness
  • Whether welding is needed
  • Exposure to corrosion or high temperature
  • Manufacturing method (hot forging / cold forging)
  • Cost and material availability

  • Forging Diagram

 

  • Casting Diagram

 

 

  • Comparison Table
Category ForgingCasting
DefinitionForging is a manufacturing process that shapes metal using localized compressive forces.Casting involves heating metal until it becomes molten and pouring it into a mold to form various shapes.
Material FormSolid metal (e.g., bars, billets, plates, etc.)Liquid metal (e.g., iron sand, steel sand, etc.)
Compressive & Fatigue StrengthHigherLower
TemperatureApprox. 950°–1250°CApprox. 1360°–1420°C
Shape & Size CapabilityForging has limitations in producing complex metal shapes.Different casting methods can produce a wide variety of metal shapes.
ToleranceLowerHigher
Labor RequirementForging typically requires more manual labor than casting.Casting generally requires less manual labor than forging.